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According to Official Guinness Records,
The oldest known pinned insect specimen, still on its original pin, is a Bath white butterfly (Pontia daplidice), which was collected near Gamlingay, Cambridgeshire in May 1702. The specimen was donated to the Hope Entomological Collections of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, UK in 1906 and has remained there ever since. Further info from Oxford:
The Bath white comes from the Mediterranean and North Africa, and rarely visits the UK. Although there are older insect remains in existence, such as those recovered from archaeological sites such as Egyptian tombs, the Bath White is the oldest insect collected and pinned as a natural history specimen. The Bath White, a beautifully dappled member of the butterfly family, the Pieridae (the same family as the Cabbage White Butterfly) was originally known as Vernon's Half Mourner after William Vernon who collected specimens in the 17th Century. It became known as the Bath White from 1795 onwards when it appeared on a piece of embroidery of a young lady from Bath. ------
It is only possible to view the butterfly by arrangement with the museum.
For a complete list of 1702 records, please visit 1702 Guinness Records in United Kingdom.