The first presentation of a 3D film before a paying audience took place at the Astor Theater in New York, USA, on 10 June 1915. The programme consisted of three one-reel films: the first was of rural scenes in the USA, the second was a selection of scenes from a movie set, and the third showed a visit to Niagara Falls. An anaglyphic process developed by Edwin S Porter and W E Waddell (both USA) involved the use of red and green spectacles to create a single image from twin motion-picture images photographed 2½ inches apart. The experiment was not wholly successful, with critic Lynde Denig writing in Moving Picture World: "Images shimmered like reflections on a lake and in its present form the method couldn't be commercial because it detracts from the plot."